Question 1

What is an EU Authorized Representative (EU AR)?

Accepted Answer

An EU Authorized Representative (EU AR) is a legally designated entity based in the European Union that acts on behalf of a non-EU manufacturer or seller. Under the General Product Safety Regulation (GPSR), every non-EU seller of physical products must have an EU AR whose name and contact details appear on product labels and marketplace listings such as Amazon, Etsy, and Shopify.

Question 2

Do Amazon sellers need an EU Authorized Representative?

Accepted Answer

Yes. Amazon requires all non-EU sellers to provide EU Responsible Person (EU Authorized Representative) details for products sold on EU marketplaces including Amazon.de, Amazon.fr, Amazon.it, Amazon.es, and others. Failure to comply results in listing deactivation. This requirement is mandatory under GPSR (EU 2023/988), effective December 13, 2024.

Question 3

What is a Digital Product Passport (DPP)?

Accepted Answer

A Digital Product Passport (DPP) is a digital record containing information about a product's materials, components, repairability, sustainability data, and certifications. Under EU Regulation 2024/1781 (ESPR — Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation), DPPs will be mandatory for batteries from February 2027, and for textiles, electronics, and other categories in subsequent years.

Question 4

What is GPSR and when did it come into effect?

Accepted Answer

GPSR stands for General Product Safety Regulation (EU 2023/988). It replaced the older General Product Safety Directive and came into full effect on December 13, 2024. It applies to all physical consumer products sold in the EU, including products sold through online marketplaces by non-EU sellers.

Question 5

When is the battery passport mandatory in the EU?

Accepted Answer

Battery passports become mandatory in the EU from February 18, 2027, under EU Battery Regulation 2023/1542. All industrial batteries, EV batteries, and LMT batteries above 2 kWh placed on the EU market must have a Digital Product Passport (DPP) accessible via a QR code.

Question 6

Do Etsy sellers need an EU Authorized Representative?

Accepted Answer

Yes. Non-EU Etsy sellers who ship physical products to EU buyers are subject to GPSR and must designate an EU Authorized Representative (EU Responsible Person). This applies to all product categories covered by GPSR, including handmade goods, toys, electronics, cosmetics, and clothing accessories.

Question 7

What is the difference between a GPSR Responsible Person and an EU Authorized Representative?

Accepted Answer

A GPSR Responsible Person under Regulation (EU) 2023/988 and an EU Authorised Representative are distinct legal concepts. Under GPSR, the applicable role is the Responsible Person. Some marketplaces may use different terminology in their interfaces, but this does not make the legal roles equivalent.

EU Compliance Glossary — Key Terms for Non-EU Sellers

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